COLOGNE / LONDON (IT BOLTWISE) – An international research team has discovered a fascinating phenomenon in the star-forming region Cygnus X: the so-called ‘diamond ring’. This huge, ring-shaped structure of gas and dust resembles a glowing diamond ring and offers new insights into the dynamics of cosmic bubbles.
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In the star-forming region Cygnus This structure, reminiscent of a glowing diamond ring, is made of gas and dust and is about 20 light-years across. In contrast to similar cosmic formations, which are usually spherical, the ‘Diamond Ring’ has a flat, ring-shaped structure.
The origins of this particular form have long been a mystery. The ring is the remnant of a cosmic bubble that was once created by the radiation and winds of a massive star. While other bubbles expand quickly and form spherical shells, the ‘Diamond Ring’ expands only slowly. Simon Dannhauer, leader of the study, explains that the bubble ‘burst’ because gases were able to escape into the thinner areas of the surrounding area, leaving the flat shape.
Computer simulations conducted by Sebastian Vider on the RAMSES supercomputer show that the bubble initially grew in all directions before escaping perpendicular to the cloud. What remained was the ring structure that is visible today. This cosmic formation is about 400,000 years old, which is a very young stage compared to the lifespan of massive stars.
The observations were made using the SOFIA flying observatory, which makes it possible to observe wavelengths of light that are not accessible from Earth. The ring is expanding at about 1.3 kilometers per second, which is relatively slow compared to similar bubbles. This discovery provides valuable insight into how the radiation and winds of young stars shape their surroundings and influence the birth of new stars.
Dr. Nicola Schneider from the University of Cologne emphasizes that the ‘diamond ring’ is a prime example of the influence of individual stars on entire cloud complexes. Such processes are crucial for understanding star formation in our Milky Way. However, the study also shows that the supposed ‘diamond’ in the ring is actually a cluster of young stars several hundred light-years in front of it.
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