LONDON (IT BOLTWISE) – New research shows that common medications, including antibiotics and antidepressants, can alter the gut microbiome over years. These changes could have far-reaching effects on health by affecting the immune system, metabolism and the body’s response to disease.
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The latest research, published in the American Society for Microbiology journal mSystems, sheds light on the profound effects of drugs on the gut microbiome. This study shows that many common medications not only treat the symptoms, but can also permanently change the composition of the intestinal flora. These changes can persist for years and potentially affect health in a variety of ways.
The research, based on data from 2,509 adults from the Estonian biobank, used metagenomic stool samples and detailed prescription data to analyze the long-term effects of medications on gut microbes. The results show that not only antibiotics, but also other drug classes such as benzodiazepines, proton pump inhibitors and antidepressants can cause significant changes in the microbiome.
What is particularly noteworthy is that the effects are additive: the more frequently and for longer a drug was taken, the greater the impact on the microbiome. This means that even medications that were stopped years ago can still affect the microbial composition of the gut today. These findings are of great importance because the gut microbiome influences not only digestion, but also the immune system, metabolism and general health.
To support gut health, experts recommend a proactive approach. This includes discussing medication history with the doctor and considering possible alternatives with less long-term impact on the microbiome. A high-fiber diet that includes consumption of whole grains, leafy greens, legumes, and nuts can also help promote beneficial microbes in the gut. Fermented and prebiotic foods such as yogurt, kefir and sauerkraut also support microbial diversity.
In summary, while medications can be life-saving, they can also have undesirable side effects on the gut microbiome that extend well beyond the duration of treatment. This study highlights the importance of considering the microbiome as part of health management and considering the long-term effects on gut health when prescribing medications.
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